Saturday, December 09, 2006

Source of Pulitzer-winning photo revealed, after 25 years

Firing Squad in Iran
Iranian photographer Jahangir Razmi has been confirmed as the winner of a Pulitzer Prize 25 years ago. His name had been kept secret until a front-page investigative story on Wall Street Journal on 2 December 2006.

Razmi, now 58, took 70 pictures of an execution in Kurdistan on 27 August 1979 and one of them won the Spot News Photograhy award of the Pulitzer Prize in 1980. The award was however "presented" to an unnamed photographer of the United Press International, the only anonymous recipient in the 90-year history of Pulitzer as Razmi's identity had to be kept secret for safety.

Entitled "Firing Squad in Iran", the photo shows a line of 11 blindfolded men executed in 1979 after Islamic radicals overthrew the shah of Iran. It was published by Iran's then second to largest newspaper Ettela'at but the editor decided not to credit the photo for fear about Razmi's safety.

The years long path of Joshua Prager, the WSJ reporter uncovering the story behind the photo which has long been a symbol of brutality of Iran's Islamic government, was in fact an enlightening investigative story itself.

Prager first spoke to all the Associated Press photographers who had put him through UPI photographers who ran the UPI bureau in Brussels at the time of Iranian revolution in 1979. From there, he said, he was able to trace back who had sent the picture from Tehran to Brussels to the rest of the world.

While it was highly risky for Razmi to post the pictures out of Iran at that time, the courage of Ettela'at to run it should be hailed as well.

The Iranians had been struggling for freedom even under the regime of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi , the last shah of Iran. When Ayatollah Khomeini came to power, one of his priority tasks was to crack down on press freedom and censorship had already begun. Following the day it was published in Ettela'at, the photo triggered worldwide outrage through a dispatch by UPI. It was also widely tagged throughout Iran. As a result, Khomeini ordered the appropriation of the newspaper.

Covering totalitarian countries has always been dangerous. Journalists sometimes have to bet their life in exchange of on-site reporting and subsequent publication of the compelling stories. In Razmi's case, his fame had to be buried for a quarter century as well.

In PRC under the communist regime, labour strikes, religious activities, executions of untried or unfairly tried prisoners, corruption cases and other kinds of human rights violations have all been too sensitive for getting to be published. From time to time, anonymous articles and photos are disseminated by agencies or individuals to alert people around the world of the uncomforting side of the country, a real picture other than the one about prosperity.

Heartfelt thanks to these hidden heros. They are very much wanted and wanted to be seen one day.

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